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TIL Dr. August Bier, a German physician, pioneered spinal anesthesia using cocaine injections. To test its numbing effects, Bier injected cocaine into his assistant’s spine, beat his legs with hammers, pulled his testicles, drove a needle into his femur, and even ripped out his pubic hair.

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e07PJ TIL Sun Tzu had to train the king's concubines as soldiers, so he chose 2 as captains & gave an order, but they all just giggled. He ordered the captains' death, to the king's protests. Sun Tzu said he had to complete his mission. The captains were killed & the squads then performed perfectly.
nenLb TIL that out of all 77 restaurants that appeared on Kitchen Nightmares (US), only 16 remain open as of 2019. The latest restaurant to close was La Galleria 33 in November 2018.
xVgpk TIL of Adermatoglyphia: The Genetic Disorder Of People Born Without Fingerprints
kJ8jE TIL India is the largest exporter of generic medicines in the world, accounting for a massive global export volume.
jNk8p TIL if you are being questioned by authorities in the US and you choose to remain silent in response to a specific question, that silence may itself be construed as evidence of guilt, unless you specifically state that you're invoking your right to remain silent under the 5th Amendment.