Most people aren’t overly worried about rabies these days, at least not in the United States.
Is that because rabies isn’t around anymore?
Of course not. It is because a rabies vaccine has long been available both to prevent our pets from getting rabies from wild animals and to protect us if we are ever bitten by an animal that might have rabies.
Hopefully, especially after the recent rabies death of the 6-year-old in Florida, everyone understands that rabies is still around.
When Was the Last Time Someone Died from Being Bitten by a Rabid Dog in the United States?
Since 2008, at least 21 people have died of rabies in the United States, mostly after getting exposed to rabid bats.
There were more than a few exposures from dogs with rabies too. In fact, the last rabies death after a dog bite was not very long ago – it was in May 2017.
Does that mean that something isn’t working with our rabies prevention plans?
When you take a closer look at the statistics about rabies deaths after dog bites, it becomes clear where the problem is.
“In 1950, for example, 4,979 cases of rabies were reported among dogs, and 18 cases were reported among humans. Between 1980 and 1997, 95 to 247 cases were reported each year among dogs, and on average only two human cases were reported each year in which rabies was attributable to variants of the virus associated with indigenous dogs . Thus, the likelihood of human exposure to a rabid domestic animal in the United States has decreased greatly.”
Human Rabies Prevention – United States, 1999 Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
Most rabies deaths in the United States from dogs occur in people who get bitten while they are traveling outside the country.
So when was the last human rabies death from a rabid domestic dog in the United States?
A 7-year-old girl died after she was bitten by a rabid dog in Texas in June 1979. Before that, in 1968, a 13-year-old boy died after getting bit by a rabid dog in Kansas.
That’s a long time ago.
Does that mean the rabies vaccine isn’t necessary anymore?
Rabies Vaccines Work
Of course not! That means the rabies vaccines works!
There are two reasons that we don’t see human rabies deaths from dog bites in the United States anymore, unless the bites occur in another country:
- Most of us vaccinate our pets – fewer dogs and cats with rabies means that there are fewer chances for us to get bit and get rabies.
- Most folks get proper treatment if they are exposed to an animal that could possibly have rabies, whether it is an unvaccinated dog or cat, or a raccoon, skunk, fox, coyote, or bat. In fact, about 40,000 to 50,000 people in the United States get rabies post-exposure prophylaxis each year.
If you don’t believe this, just look back at what rabies was like in the pre-vaccine era, when dogs and cats would get rabies, and so would their owners. In the early 1960s and 1950s, rabies deaths from dog bites were more common, about 10 each year.
“The number of rabies-related human deaths in the United States has declined from more than 100 annually at the turn of the century to one or two per year in the 1990’s. Modern day prophylaxis has proven nearly 100% successful.”
CDC on Rabies in the U.S.
To understand just why rabies vaccines still so necessary, you can also look at what is still happening around the world where rabies vaccines aren’t used as commonly as they are in more industrialized countries.
“Despite substantial gains in tackling this neglected disease, more than 20,000 people still die from rabies every year, mostly in Asia and Africa.”
Schneider et al on Substantial reductions in rabies, but still a lot to be done
In addition to the deaths from folks traveling outside the United States, there are many more rabies deaths in people, mostly children, who live in areas where rabies is still endemic.
Hopefully these deaths will end soon too, as experts from WHO, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC) work together in the United Against Rabies collaboration to achieve “Zero human Rabies deaths by 2030.”
Because it has an animal reservoir, the rabies virus will likely always be around, and won’t be eradicated like smallpox, but hopefully we can one day control rabies by having fewer rabies exposures (vaccinate more of our pets) and we can eliminate dog-transmitted rabies deaths.
We won’t get there if folks continue to push myths and propaganda about rabies and the rabies vaccine.
What to Know About Controlling Rabies and Rabies Deaths
It has been a long time since someone in the United States died with rabies from a domestic dog bite, but that is simply a testament to the fact that vaccines work.
More on Controlling Rabies and Rabies Deaths
-
Human Rabies in the United States, 1960 to 1979: Epidemiology, Diagnosis,and Prevention
- WHO – Epidemiology and burden of rabies
- WHO – Rabies
- Zero by 30: Our catalytic response
- 10 facts on rabies
- Human rabies transmitted by dogs: current status of global data, 2015
- Substantial reductions in rabies, but still a lot to be done
- Study – Estimating the global burden of endemic canine rabies.
- CDC – Coming in contact with bats
- CDC – Rabies Postexposure Vaccinations
- Rabies: Questions and Answers
- Bats In The Bedroom Can Spread Rabies Without An Obvious Bite
- 6-year-old boy fighting rabies as family hopes for a cure
- Boy, 6, Undergoes Experimental Rabies Treatment
- CDC – Recovery of a Patient from Clinical Rabies — Wisconsin, 2004
- Human Rabies Prevention – United States, 1999 Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
- Letter – Long-Term Follow-up after Treatment of Rabies by Induction of Coma
- Study – Current and future approaches to the therapy of human rabies.
- Study – Experimental utility of rabies virus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies in post-exposure prophylaxis
- Study – Parainfluenza virus 5 expressing the G protein of rabies virus protects mice after rabies virus infection
- Study – Evaluation of short-interfering RNAs treatment in experimental rabies due to wild-type virus
- Review – Bats, emerging infectious diseases, and the rabies paradigm revisited
- Book – Rabies (Third Edition)
Last Updated on April 6, 2024